David Kimura PRO said over 4 years ago on 3D Secure 2 Credit Cards and Stripe Checkout :
It is strange, I know that you can update a card, but it doesn't go through the 3D Secure 2 steps. I believe you would have to use their payment intents to do that, but that could have its own issues around just updating a card instead of creating a new payment. I'd imagine that they will be updating their APIs to fully support updating cards with checkouts.